/* isbc202.c: Intel double density disk adapter Copyright (c) 2016, William A. Beech Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL WILLIAM A. BEECH BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. Except as contained in this notice, the name of William A. Beech shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization from William A. Beech. MODIFICATIONS: 27 Jun 16 - Original file. Registers: 078H - Read - Subsystem status bit 0 - ready status of drive 0 bit 1 - ready status of drive 1 bit 2 - state of channel's interrupt FF bit 3 - controller presence indicator bit 4 - DD controller presence indicator bit 5 - ready status of drive 2 bit 6 - ready status of drive 3 bit 7 - zero 079H - Read - Read result type (bits 2-7 are zero) 00 - I/O complete with error 01 - Reserved 10 - Result byte contains diskette ready status 11 - Reserved 079H - Write - IOPB address low byte. 07AH - Write - IOPB address high byte and start operation. 07BH - Read - Read result byte If result type is 00H bit 0 - deleted record bit 1 - CRC error bit 2 - seek error bit 3 - address error bit 4 - data overrun/underrun bit 5 - write protect bit 6 - write error bit 7 - not ready If result type is 02H and ready has changed bit 0 - zero bit 1 - zero bit 2 - zero bit 3 - zero bit 4 - drive 2 ready bit 5 - drive 3 ready bit 6 - drive 0 ready bit 7 - drive 1 ready else return 0 07FH - Write - Reset diskette system. Operations: NOP - 0x00 Seek - 0x01 Format Track - 0x02 Recalibrate - 0x03 Read Data - 0x04 Verify CRC - 0x05 Write Data - 0x06 Write Deleted Data - 0x07 IOPB - I/O Parameter Block Byte 0 - Channel Word bit 3 - data word length (=8-bit, 1=16-bit) bit 4-5 - interrupt control 00 - I/O complete interrupt to be issued 01 - I/O complete interrupts are disabled 10 - illegal code 11 - illegal code bit 6- randon format sequence Byte 1 - Diskette Instruction bit 0-2 - operation code 000 - no operation 001 - seek 010 - format track 011 - recalibrate 100 - read data 101 - verify CRC 110 - write data 111 - write deleted data bit 3 - data word length ( same as byte-0, bit-3) bit 4-5 - unit select 00 - drive 0 01 - drive 1 10 - drive 2 11 - drive 3 bit 6-7 - reserved (zero) Byte 2 - Number of Records Byte 4 - Track Address Byte 5 - Sector Address Byte 6 - Buffer Low Address Byte 7 - Buffer High Address u3 - u4 - u5 - u6 - fdd number. NOTES: This iSBC 202 device simulator (DEVICES) supports 4 floppy disk drives (UNITS). It uses the SBC202_BASE and SBC202_INT from system_defs.h to set the default base port and interrupt. The default base port can be changed by "sim> set sbc202 port=88". The default interrupt can be changed by "sim> set sbc202 int=5". Current settings can be shown by "sim> show sbc202 param". This device simulator can be enabled or disabled if SBC202_NUM in system_defs.h is set to 1. Only one board can be simulated. It is enabled by "sim> Sset sbc202 ena" and disabled by "sim> set sbc202 dis". The disk images in each FDD can be set to RW or WP. They default to WP */ #include "system_defs.h" /* system header in system dir */ #define UNIT_V_WPMODE (UNIT_V_UF) /* Write protect */ #define UNIT_WPMODE (1 << UNIT_V_WPMODE) #define FDD_NUM 4 #define SECSIZ 128 //disk controller operations #define DNOP 0x00 //disk no operation #define DSEEK 0x01 //disk seek #define DFMT 0x02 //disk format #define DHOME 0x03 //disk home #define DREAD 0x04 //disk read #define DVCRC 0x05 //disk verify CRC #define DWRITE 0x06 //disk write //status #define RDY0 0x01 //FDD 0 ready #define RDY1 0x02 //FDD 1 ready #define FDCINT 0x04 //FDC interrupt flag #define FDCPRE 0x08 //FDC board present #define FDCDD 0x10 //FDC is DD #define RDY2 0x20 //FDD 2 ready #define RDY3 0x40 //FDD 3 ready //result type #define ROK 0x00 //FDC error #define RCHG 0x02 //FDC OK OR disk changed // If result type is ROK then rbyte is #define RB0DR 0x01 //deleted record #define RB0CRC 0x02 //CRC error #define RB0SEK 0x04 //seek error #define RB0ADR 0x08 //address error #define RB0OU 0x10 //data overrun/underrun #define RB0WP 0x20 //write protect #define RB0WE 0x40 //write error #define RB0NR 0x80 //not ready // If result type is RCHG then rbyte is #define RB1RD2 0x10 //drive 2 ready #define RB1RD3 0x20 //drive 3 ready #define RB1RD0 0x40 //drive 0 ready #define RB1RD1 0x80 //drive 1 ready //disk geometry values #define MDSDD 512512 //double density FDD size #define MAXSECDD 52 //double density last sector #define MAXTRK 76 //last track #define isbc202_NAME "Intel iSBC 202 Floppy Disk Controller Board" /* external globals */ extern uint16 PCX; /* external function prototypes */ extern uint8 reg_dev(uint8 (*routine)(t_bool, uint8, uint8), uint16, uint16, uint8); extern uint8 unreg_dev(uint16); extern uint8 get_mbyte(uint16 addr); extern void put_mbyte(uint16 addr, uint8 val); /* function prototypes */ t_stat isbc202_cfg(uint16 base, uint16 size, uint8 devnum); t_stat isbc202_clr(void); t_stat isbc202_set_port(UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc); t_stat isbc202_set_int(UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc); t_stat isbc202_set_verb(UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc); t_stat isbc202_show_param (FILE *st, UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST void *desc); t_stat isbc202_reset(DEVICE *dptr); void isbc202_reset_dev(void); t_stat isbc202_attach (UNIT *uptr, CONST char *cptr); t_stat isbc202_set_mode (UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc); uint8 isbc202r0(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum); /* isbc202 0 */ uint8 isbc202r1(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum); /* isbc202 1 */ uint8 isbc202r2(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum); /* isbc202 2 */ uint8 isbc202r3(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum); /* isbc202 3 */ uint8 isbc202r7(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum); /* isbc202 7 */ void isbc202_diskio(void); //do actual disk i/o /* globals */ int isbc202_onetime = 1; static const char* isbc202_desc(DEVICE *dptr) { return isbc202_NAME; } typedef struct { //FDD definition uint8 sec; uint8 cyl; uint8 att; } FDDDEF; typedef struct { //FDC definition uint8 baseport; //FDC base port uint8 intnum; //interrupt number uint8 verb; //verbose flag uint16 iopb; //FDC IOPB uint8 stat; //FDC status uint8 rdychg; //FDC ready change uint8 rtype; //FDC result type uint8 rbyte0; //FDC result byte for type 00 uint8 rbyte1; //FDC result byte for type 10 uint8 intff; //fdc interrupt FF FDDDEF fdd[FDD_NUM]; //indexed by the FDD number } FDCDEF; FDCDEF fdc202; //indexed by the isbc-202 instance number /* isbc202 Standard I/O Data Structures */ UNIT isbc202_unit[] = { // 4 FDDs { UDATA (0, UNIT_ATTABLE+UNIT_DISABLE+UNIT_ROABLE+UNIT_RO+UNIT_BUFABLE+UNIT_MUSTBUF+UNIT_FIX, MDSDD) }, { UDATA (0, UNIT_ATTABLE+UNIT_DISABLE+UNIT_ROABLE+UNIT_RO+UNIT_BUFABLE+UNIT_MUSTBUF+UNIT_FIX, MDSDD) }, { UDATA (0, UNIT_ATTABLE+UNIT_DISABLE+UNIT_ROABLE+UNIT_RO+UNIT_BUFABLE+UNIT_MUSTBUF+UNIT_FIX, MDSDD) }, { UDATA (0, UNIT_ATTABLE+UNIT_DISABLE+UNIT_ROABLE+UNIT_RO+UNIT_BUFABLE+UNIT_MUSTBUF+UNIT_FIX, MDSDD) }, { NULL } }; REG isbc202_reg[] = { { HRDATA (STAT0, fdc202.stat, 8) }, /* isbc202 status */ { HRDATA (RTYP0, fdc202.rtype, 8) }, /* isbc202 result type */ { HRDATA (RBYT0A, fdc202.rbyte0, 8) }, /* isbc202 result byte 0 */ { HRDATA (RBYT0B, fdc202.rbyte1, 8) }, /* isbc202 result byte 1 */ { HRDATA (INTFF0, fdc202.intff, 8) }, /* isbc202 interrupt f/f */ { NULL } }; MTAB isbc202_mod[] = { { UNIT_WPMODE, 0, "RW", "RW", &isbc202_set_mode }, { UNIT_WPMODE, UNIT_WPMODE, "WP", "WP", &isbc202_set_mode }, { MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 0, NULL, "VERB", &isbc202_set_verb, NULL, NULL, "Sets the verbose mode for iSBC202"}, { MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 0, NULL, "PORT", &isbc202_set_port, NULL, NULL, "Sets the base port for iSBC202"}, { MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 0, NULL, "INT", &isbc202_set_int, NULL, NULL, "Sets the interrupt number for iSBC202"}, { MTAB_XTD | MTAB_VDV, 0, "PARAM", NULL, NULL, &isbc202_show_param, NULL, "show configured parametes for iSBC202" }, { 0 } }; DEBTAB isbc202_debug[] = { { "ALL", DEBUG_all }, { "FLOW", DEBUG_flow }, { "READ", DEBUG_read }, { "WRITE", DEBUG_write }, { "XACK", DEBUG_xack }, { "LEV1", DEBUG_level1 }, { "LEV2", DEBUG_level2 }, { NULL } }; /* address width is set to 16 bits to use devices in 8086/8088 implementations */ DEVICE isbc202_dev = { "SBC202", //name isbc202_unit, //units isbc202_reg, //registers isbc202_mod, //modifiers FDD_NUM, //numunits 16, //aradix 16, //awidth 1, //aincr 16, //dradix 8, //dwidth NULL, //examine NULL, //deposit isbc202_reset, //reset NULL, //boot &isbc202_attach, //attach NULL, //detach NULL, //ctxt DEV_DEBUG+DEV_DISABLE+DEV_DIS, //flags 0, //dctrl isbc202_debug, //debflags NULL, //msize NULL, //lname NULL, //help routine NULL, //attach help routine NULL, //help context &isbc202_desc //device description }; // isbc 202 configuration t_stat isbc202_cfg(uint16 baseport, uint16 devnum, uint8 intnum) { int i; UNIT *uptr; // one-time initialization for all FDDs for this FDC instance for (i = 0; i < FDD_NUM; i++) { uptr = isbc202_dev.units + i; uptr->u6 = i; //fdd unit number uptr->flags &= ~UNIT_ATT; } fdc202.baseport = baseport & 0xff; //set port fdc202.intnum = intnum; //set interrupt fdc202.verb = 0; //clear verb reg_dev(isbc202r0, fdc202.baseport, 0, 0); //read status reg_dev(isbc202r1, fdc202.baseport + 1, 0, 0); //read rslt type/write IOPB addr-l reg_dev(isbc202r2, fdc202.baseport + 2, 0, 0); //write IOPB addr-h and start reg_dev(isbc202r3, fdc202.baseport + 3, 0, 0); //read rstl byte reg_dev(isbc202r7, fdc202.baseport + 7, 0, 0); //write reset fdc201 isbc202_reset_dev(); //software reset // if (fdc202.verb) sim_printf(" sbc202: Enabled base port at 0%02XH, Interrupt #=%02X, %s\n", fdc202.baseport, fdc202.intnum, fdc202.verb ? "Verbose" : "Quiet" ); return SCPE_OK; } t_stat isbc202_clr(void) { fdc202.intnum = -1; //set default interrupt fdc202.verb = 0; //set verb = 0 unreg_dev(fdc202.baseport); //read status unreg_dev(fdc202.baseport + 1); //read rslt type/write IOPB addr-l unreg_dev(fdc202.baseport + 2); //write IOPB addr-h and start unreg_dev(fdc202.baseport + 3); //read rstl byte unreg_dev(fdc202.baseport + 7); //write reset fdc201 // if (fdc202.verb) sim_printf(" sbc202: Disabled\n"); return SCPE_OK; } /* isbc202 set mode = Write protect */ t_stat isbc202_set_mode (UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc) { if (uptr == NULL) return SCPE_ARG; if (uptr->flags & UNIT_ATT) return sim_messagef (SCPE_ALATT, "%s is already attached to %s\n", sim_uname(uptr), uptr->filename); if (val & UNIT_WPMODE) { /* write protect */ uptr->flags |= val; // if (fdc202.verb) sim_printf(" SBC202: WP\n"); } else { /* read write */ uptr->flags &= ~val; // if (fdc202.verb) sim_printf(" SBC202: RW\n"); } return SCPE_OK; } // set base port address parameter t_stat isbc202_set_port(UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc) { uint32 size, result; if (uptr == NULL) return SCPE_ARG; result = sscanf(cptr, "%02x", &size); fdc202.baseport = size; // if (fdc202.verb) sim_printf("SBC202: Installed at base port=%04X\n", fdc202.baseport); reg_dev(isbc202r0, fdc202.baseport, 0, 0); //read status reg_dev(isbc202r1, fdc202.baseport + 1, 0, 0); //read rslt type/write IOPB addr-l reg_dev(isbc202r2, fdc202.baseport + 2, 0, 0); //write IOPB addr-h and start reg_dev(isbc202r3, fdc202.baseport + 3, 0, 0); //read rstl byte reg_dev(isbc202r7, fdc202.baseport + 7, 0, 0); //write reset fdc201 return SCPE_OK; } // set interrupt parameter t_stat isbc202_set_int(UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc) { uint32 size, result; if (uptr == NULL) return SCPE_ARG; result = sscanf(cptr, "%02x", &size); fdc202.intnum = size; // if (fdc202.verb) sim_printf("SBC202: Interrupt number=%04X\n", fdc202.intnum); return SCPE_OK; } // set verbose mode t_stat isbc202_set_verb(UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST char *cptr, void *desc) { if (uptr == NULL) return SCPE_ARG; if (cptr == NULL) return SCPE_ARG; if (strncasecmp(cptr, "OFF", 4) == 0) { fdc202.verb = 0; return SCPE_OK; } if (strncasecmp(cptr, "ON", 3) == 0) { fdc202.verb = 1; return SCPE_OK; } return SCPE_ARG; } // show configuration parameters t_stat isbc202_show_param (FILE *st, UNIT *uptr, int32 val, CONST void *desc) { int i = 0; if (uptr == NULL) return SCPE_ARG; fprintf(st, "%s Base port at %04X Interrupt # is %i %s", ((isbc202_dev.flags & DEV_DIS) == 0) ? "Enabled" : "Disabled", fdc202.baseport, fdc202.intnum, fdc202.verb ? "Verbose" : "Quiet" ); return SCPE_OK; } /* Hardware reset routine */ t_stat isbc202_reset(DEVICE *dptr) { if (dptr == NULL) return SCPE_ARG; isbc202_reset_dev(); //software reset return SCPE_OK; } /* Software reset routine */ void isbc202_reset_dev(void) { int32 i; UNIT *uptr; fdc202.stat = 0; //clear status for (i = 0; i < FDD_NUM; i++) { /* handle all units */ uptr = isbc202_dev.units + i; fdc202.stat |= FDCPRE | FDCDD; //set the FDC status fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = 0; //set no error if (uptr->flags & UNIT_ATT) { /* if attached */ switch(i){ case 0: fdc202.stat |= RDY0; //set FDD 0 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD0; break; case 1: fdc202.stat |= RDY1; //set FDD 1 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD1; break; case 2: fdc202.stat |= RDY2; //set FDD 2 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD2; break; case 3: fdc202.stat |= RDY3; //set FDD 3 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD3; break; } fdc202.rdychg = 0; } } } /* isbc202 attach - attach an .IMG file to an FDD */ t_stat isbc202_attach (UNIT *uptr, CONST char *cptr) { t_stat r; uint8 fddnum; fddnum = uptr->u6; if ((r = attach_unit (uptr, cptr)) != SCPE_OK) { sim_printf(" isbc202_attach: Attach error %d\n", r); return r; } switch(fddnum){ case 0: fdc202.stat |= RDY0; //set FDD 0 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD0; break; case 1: fdc202.stat |= RDY1; //set FDD 1 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD1; break; case 2: fdc202.stat |= RDY2; //set FDD 2 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD2; break; case 3: fdc202.stat |= RDY3; //set FDD 3 ready fdc202.rbyte1 |= RB1RD3; break; } fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = 0; //set no error return SCPE_OK; } /* iSBC202 control port functions */ uint8 isbc202r0(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum) { if (io == 0) { /* read ststus*/ return fdc202.stat; } return 0; } uint8 isbc202r1(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum) { if (io == 0) { /* read data port */ fdc202.intff = 0; //clear interrupt FF fdc202.stat &= ~FDCINT; fdc202.rtype = ROK; return fdc202.rtype; } else { /* write data port */ fdc202.iopb = data; } return 0; } uint8 isbc202r2(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum) { if (io == 0) { /* read data port */ ; } else { /* write data port */ fdc202.iopb |= (data << 8); isbc202_diskio(); if (fdc202.intff) fdc202.stat |= FDCINT; } return 0; } uint8 isbc202r3(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum) { if (io == 0) { /* read data port */ if (fdc202.rtype == ROK) { return fdc202.rbyte0; } else { if (fdc202.rdychg) { return fdc202.rbyte1; } else { return fdc202.rbyte0; } } } else { /* write data port */ ; //stop diskette operation } return 0; } uint8 isbc202r7(t_bool io, uint8 data, uint8 devnum) { if (io == 0) { /* read data port */ ; } else { /* write data port */ isbc202_reset_dev(); } return 0; } // perform the actual disk I/O operation void isbc202_diskio(void) { uint8 cw, di, nr, ta, sa, data, nrptr; uint16 ba; uint32 dskoff; uint8 fddnum, fmtb; uint32 i; UNIT *uptr; uint8 *fbuf; //parse the IOPB cw = get_mbyte(fdc202.iopb); di = get_mbyte(fdc202.iopb + 1); nr = get_mbyte(fdc202.iopb + 2); ta = get_mbyte(fdc202.iopb + 3); sa = get_mbyte(fdc202.iopb + 4); ba = get_mbyte(fdc202.iopb + 5); ba |= (get_mbyte(fdc202.iopb + 6) << 8); fddnum = (di & 0x30) >> 4; uptr = isbc202_dev.units + fddnum; fbuf = (uint8 *) uptr->filebuf; //check for not ready switch(fddnum) { case 0: if ((fdc202.stat & RDY0) == 0) { fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = RB0NR; fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF sim_printf("\n SBC202: FDD %d - Ready error", fddnum); } break; case 1: if ((fdc202.stat & RDY1) == 0) { fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = RB0NR; fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF sim_printf("\n SBC202: FDD %d - Ready error", fddnum); return; } break; case 2: if ((fdc202.stat & RDY2) == 0) { fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = RB0NR; fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF sim_printf("\n SBC202: FDD %d - Ready error", fddnum); return; } break; case 3: if ((fdc202.stat & RDY3) == 0) { fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = RB0NR; fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF sim_printf("\n SBC202: FDD %d - Ready error", fddnum); return; } break; } //check for address error if ( ((di & 0x07) != DHOME) && ( //this is not in manual (sa > MAXSECDD) || ((sa + nr) > (MAXSECDD + 1)) || (sa == 0) || (ta > MAXTRK) )) { fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = RB0ADR; fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF sim_printf("\n SBC202: FDD %d - Address error nr=%02XH ta=%02XH sa=%02XH IOPB=%04XH PCX=%04XH", fddnum, nr, ta, sa, fdc202.iopb, PCX); return; } switch (di & 0x07) { case DNOP: fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = 0; //set no error fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF break; case DSEEK: fdc202.fdd[fddnum].sec = sa; fdc202.fdd[fddnum].cyl = ta; fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = 0; //set no error fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF break; case DHOME: fdc202.fdd[fddnum].sec = sa; fdc202.fdd[fddnum].cyl = 0; fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = 0; //set no error fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF break; case DVCRC: fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = 0; //set no error fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF break; case DFMT: //check for WP if(uptr->flags & UNIT_WPMODE) { fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = RB0WP; fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF sim_printf("\n SBC202: FDD %d - Write protect error DFMT", fddnum); return; } fmtb = get_mbyte(ba); //get the format byte //calculate offset into disk image dskoff = ((ta * MAXSECDD) + (sa - 1)) * SECSIZ; for(i=0; i<=((uint32)(MAXSECDD) * SECSIZ); i++) { *(fbuf + (dskoff + i)) = fmtb; } fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = 0; //set no error fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF break; case DREAD: nrptr = 0; while(nrptr < nr) { //calculate offset into disk image dskoff = ((ta * MAXSECDD) + (sa - 1)) * SECSIZ; //copy sector from disk image to RAM for (i=0; iflags & UNIT_WPMODE) { fdc202.rtype = ROK; fdc202.rbyte0 = RB0WP; fdc202.intff = 1; //set interrupt FF sim_printf("\n SBC202: FDD %d - Write protect error DWRITE", fddnum); return; } nrptr = 0; while(nrptr < nr) { //calculate offset into disk image dskoff = ((ta * MAXSECDD) + (sa - 1)) * SECSIZ; //copy sector from RAM to disk image for (i=0; i