f20f5c629d
1. New Features in 2.10-3
1.1 SCP and Libraries
- Added dynamic extension of the breakpoint table.
- Added breakpoint actions.
- Added VMS support for ! (from Mark Pizzolato).
1.2 18b PDP's
- Added RB09 fixed head disk for the PDP-9.
- Added LP09 line printer for the PDP-9 and PDP-15.
- Added variable size support and autosizing to the RF15/RF09.
1.3 PDP-8
- Added variable size support and autosizing to the DF32 and RF08.
1.4 Nova
- Added variable size support and autosizing to the Novadisk.
2. Bugs Fixed in 2.10-3
- 18b PDP RF15/RF09: fixed IOT decoding and address wraparound
logic (found by Hans Pufal).
- 18b PDP RP15: fixed IOT decoding and command initiation.
- HP2100 IPL: changed to full duplex (found by Mike Gemeny).
- HP2100 CPU: fixed last cycle bug in DMA outpout (found by Mike
Gemeny).
- Interdata 16b CPU: fixed bug in SETM, SETMR (found by Mark
Pizzolato).
3. New Features in 2.10 vs prior releases
3.1 SCP and Libraries
- The VT emulation package has been replaced by the capability
to remote the console to a Telnet session. Telnet clients
typically have more complete and robust VT100 emulation.
- Simulated devices may now have statically allocated buffers,
in addition to dynamically allocated buffers or disk-based
data stores.
- The DO command now takes substitutable arguments (max 9).
In command files, %n represents substitutable argument n.
- The initial command line is now interpreted as the command
name and substitutable arguments for a DO command. This is
backward compatible to prior versions.
- The initial command line parses switches. -Q is interpreted
as quiet mode; informational messages are suppressed.
- The HELP command now takes an optional argument. HELP <cmd>
types help on the specified command.
- Hooks have been added for implementing GUI-based consoles,
as well as simulator-specific command extensions. A few
internal data structures and definitions have changed.
- Two new routines (tmxr_open_master, tmxr_close_master) have
been added to sim_tmxr.c. The calling sequence for
sim_accept_conn has been changed in sim_sock.c.
- The calling sequence for the VM boot routine has been modified
to add an additional parameter.
- SAVE now saves, and GET now restores, controller and unit flags.
- Library sim_ether.c has been added for Ethernet support.
- The EVAL command will evaluate a symbolic type-in and display
it in numeric form.
- The ! command (with no arguments) will launch the host operating
system command shell. The ! command (with an argument) executes
the argument as a host operating system command. (Code from
Mark Pizzolato)
- Telnet sessions now recognize BREAK. How a BREAK is transmitted
dependent on the particular Telnet client. (Code from Mark
Pizzolato)
- The sockets library includes code for active connections as
well as listening connections.
- The RESTORE command will restore saved memory size, if the
simulator supports dynamic memory resizing.
3.2 VAX
- Non-volatile RAM (NVR) can behave either like a memory or like
a disk-based peripheral. If unattached, it behaves like memory
and is saved and restored by SAVE and RESTORE, respectively.
If attached, its contents are loaded from disk by ATTACH and
written back to disk at DETACH and EXIT.
- SHOW <device> VECTOR displays the device's interrupt vector.
A few devices allow the vector to be changed with SET
<device> VECTOR=nnn.
- SHOW CPU IOSPACE displays the I/O space address map.
- The TK50 (TMSCP tape) has been added.
- The DEQNA/DELQA (Qbus Ethernet controllers) have been added.
- Autoconfiguration support has been added.
- The paper tape reader has been removed from vax_stddev.c and
now references a common implementation file, dec_pt.h.
- Examine and deposit switches now work on all devices, not just
the CPU.
- Device address conflicts are not detected until simulation starts.
- If the VAX console is attached to a Telnet session, BREAK is
interpreted as console halt.
- The SET/SHOW HISTORY commands enable and display a history of
the most recently executed instructions. (Code from Mark
Pizzolato)
3.3 PDP-11
- SHOW <device> VECTOR displays the device's interrupt vector.
Most devices allow the vector to be changed with SET
<device> VECTOR=nnn.
- SHOW CPU IOSPACE displays the I/O space address map.
- The TK50 (TMSCP tape), RK611/RK06/RK07 (cartridge disk),
RX211 (double density floppy), and KW11P programmable clock
have been added.
- The DEQNA/DELQA (Qbus Ethernet controllers) have been added.
- Autoconfiguration support has been added.
- The paper tape reader has been removed from pdp11_stddev.c and
now references a common implementation file, dec_pt.h.
- Device bootstraps now use the actual CSR specified by the
SET ADDRESS command, rather than just the default CSR. Note
that PDP-11 operating systems may NOT support booting with
non-standard addresses.
- Specifying more than 256KB of memory, or changing the bus
configuration, causes all peripherals that are not compatible
with the current bus configuration to be disabled.
- Device address conflicts are not detected until simulation starts.
- The PDP-11 implements a stub DEUNA/DELUA (XU). The real XU
module will be included in a later release.
3.4 PDP-10
- SHOW <device> VECTOR displays the device's interrupt vector.
A few devices allow the vector to be changed with SET
<device> VECTOR=nnn.
- SHOW CPU IOSPACE displays the I/O space address map.
- The RX211 (double density floppy) has been added; it is off
by default.
- The paper tape now references a common implementation file,
dec_pt.h.
- Device address conflicts are not detected until simulation starts.
- The PDP-10 implements a stub DEUNA/DELUA (XU). The real XU
module will be included in a later release.
3.5 PDP-1
- DECtape (then known as MicroTape) support has been added.
- The line printer and DECtape can be disabled and enabled.
- The PDP-1 supports the Type 24 serial drum (based on recently
discovered documents).
3.6 18b PDP's
- The PDP-4 supports the Type 24 serial drum (based on recently
discovered documents).
3.7 PDP-8
- The RX28 (double density floppy) has been added as an option to
the existing RX8E controller.
- SHOW <device> DEVNO displays the device's device number. Most
devices allow the device number to be changed with SET <device>
DEVNO=nnn.
- Device number conflicts are not detected until simulation starts.
3.8 AltairZ80
- A hard drive has been added for increased storage.
- Several bugs have been fixed.
3.9 HP 2100
- The 12845A has been added and made the default line printer (LPT).
The 12653A has been renamed LPS and is off by default. It also
supports the diagnostic functions needed to run the DCPC and DMS
diagnostics.
- The 12557A/13210A disk defaults to the 13210A (7900/7901).
- The 12559A magtape is off by default.
- New CPU options (EAU/NOEAU) enable/disable the extended arithmetic
instructions for the 2116. These instructions are standard on
the 2100 and 21MX.
- New CPU options (MPR/NOMPR) enable/disable memory protect for the
2100 and 21MX.
- New CPU options (DMS/NODMS) enable/disable the dynamic mapping
instructions for the 21MX.
- The 12539 timebase generator autocalibrates.
- The IOP microinstruction set is supported for the 21MX as well
as the 2100.
- The HP2100 supports the Access Interprocessor Link (IPL).
3.10 Simulated Magtapes
- Simulated magtapes recognize end of file and the marker
0xFFFFFFFF as end of medium. Only the TMSCP tape simulator
can generate an end of medium marker.
- The error handling in simulated magtapes was overhauled to be
consistent through all simulators.
3.11 Simulated DECtapes
- Added support for RT11 image file format (256 x 16b) to DECtapes.
3.12 Terminals Multiplexors
- BREAK detection was added to the HP, DEC, and Interdata terminal
multiplexors.
4. Bugs Fixed in 2.10 vs prior releases
- TS11/TSV05 was not simulating the XS0_MOT bit, causing failures
under VMS. In addition, two of the CTL options were coded
interchanged.
- IBM 1401 tape was not setting a word mark under group mark for
load mode reads. This caused the diagnostics to crash.
- SCP bugs in ssh_break and set_logon were fixed (found by Dave
Hittner).
- Numerous bugs in the HP 2100 extended arithmetic, floating point,
21MX, DMS, and IOP instructions were fixed. Bugs were also fixed
in the memory protect and DMS functions. The moving head disks
(DP, DQ) were revised to simulate the hardware more accurately.
Missing functions in DQ (address skip, read address) were added.
- PDP-10 tape wouldn't boot, and then wouldn't read (reported by
Michael Thompson and Harris Newman, respectively)
- PDP-1 typewriter is half duplex, with only one shift state for
both input and output (found by Derek Peschel)
- PDP-11 console must default to 7b for early UNIX compatibility.
- PDP-11/VAX TMSCP emulator was using the wrong packet length for
read/write end packets.
- Telnet IAC+IAC processing was fixed, both for input and output
(found by Mark Pizzolato).
- PDP-11/VAX Ethernet setting flag bits wrong for chained
descriptors (found by Mark Pizzolato).
5. General Notes
WARNING: The build procedures have changed. There is only one UNIX
makefile. To compile without Ethernet support, simply type
gmake {target|all}
To compile with Ethernet support, type
gmake USE_NETWORK=1 {target|all}
The Mingw batch files require Mingw release 2 and invoke the Unix
makefile. There are still separate batch files for compilation
with or without Ethernet support.
WARNING: V2.10 has reorganized and renamed some of the definition
files for the PDP-10, PDP-11, and VAX. Be sure to delete all
previous source files before you unpack the Zip archive, or
unpack it into a new directory structure.
WARNING: V2.10 has a new, more comprehensive save file format.
Restoring save files from previous releases will cause 'invalid
register' errors and loss of CPU option flags, device enable/
disable flags, unit online/offline flags, and unit writelock
flags.
WARNING: If you are using Visual Studio .NET through the IDE,
be sure to turn off the /Wp64 flag in the project settings, or
dozens of spurious errors will be generated.
WARNING: Compiling Ethernet support under Windows requires
extra steps; see the Ethernet readme file. Ethernet support is
currently available only for Windows, Linux, NetBSD, and OpenBSD.
744 lines
22 KiB
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744 lines
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Text
To: Users
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From: Bob Supnik
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Subj: PDP-8 Simulator Usage
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Date: 1-Feb-2003
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COPYRIGHT NOTICE
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The following copyright notice applies to both the SIMH source and binary:
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Original code published in 1993-2003, written by Robert M Supnik
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Copyright (c) 1993-2003, Robert M Supnik
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
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copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
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to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
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the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
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and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
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Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
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ROBERT M SUPNIK BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
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IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
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CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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Except as contained in this notice, the name of Robert M Supnik shall not
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be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings
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in this Software without prior written authorization from Robert M Supnik.
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This memorandum documents the PDP-8 simulator.
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1. Simulator Files
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sim/ sim_defs.h
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sim_rev.h
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sim_sock.h
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sim_tmxr.h
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scp.c
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scp_tty.c
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sim_sock.c
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sim_tmxr.c
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sim/pdp8/ pdp8_defs.h
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pdp8_cpu.c
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pdp8_df.c
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pdp8_dt.c
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pdp8_lp.c
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pdp8_mt.c
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pdp8_pt.c
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pdp8_rf.c
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pdp8_rk.c
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pdp8_rl.c
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pdp8_rx.c
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pdp8_sys.c
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pdp8_tt.c
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pdp8_ttx.c
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2. PDP-8 Features
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The PDP-8 simulator is configured as follows:
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device simulates
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name(s)
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CPU PDP-8/E CPU with 4KW-32KW of memory
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- KE8E extended arithmetic element (EAE)
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- KM8E memory management and timeshare control
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PTR,PTP PC8E paper tape reader/punch
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TTI,TTO KL8E console terminal
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TTIX,TTOX KL8JA additional terminals
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LPT LE8E line printer
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CLK DK8E line frequency clock (also PDP-8/A compatible)
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RK RK8E/RK05 cartridge disk controller with four drives
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RF RF08/RS08 fixed head disk controller with 1-4 platters, or
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DF DF32/DS32 fixed head disk controller with 1-4 platters
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RL RL8A/RL01 cartridge disk controller with four drives
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RX RX8E/RX01, RX28/RX02 floppy disk controller with two drives
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DT TC08/TU56 DECtape controller with eight drives
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MT TM8E/TU10 magnetic tape controller with eight drives
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Most devices can be disabled or enabled, by the commands:
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SET <dev> DISABLED
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SET <dev> ENABLED
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The simulator allows most device numbers to be changed, by the command:
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SET <dev> DEV=<number>
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The PDP-8 can support only one of the set {DF32, RF08, RL8A} using the
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default device numbers, since they all use device numbers 60-61. The
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default is the RF08. To change the disk at device numbers 60-61:
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sim> SET RF DISABLED disable RF08
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sim> SET DF ENABLED, or enable DF32
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sim> SET RL ENABLED enable RL8A
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Alternately, the device conflict can be eliminated by changing device
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numbers:
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sim> SET RL DEV=50
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sim> SET RL ENA
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However, devices can only be BOOTed with their default device numbers.
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The PDP-8 simulator implements one unique stop condition: if an undefined
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instruction (unimplemented IOT or OPR) is decoded, and register STOP_INST
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is set, the simulator halts.
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The PDP-8 loader supports both RIM format and BIN format tapes. If the file
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extension is .RIM, or the -r switch is specified with LOAD, the file is
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assumed to be RIM format; if the file extension is not .RIM, or if the -b
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switch is specified, the file is assumed to be BIN format.
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2.1 CPU
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The only CPU options are the presence of the EAE and the size of main
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memory; the memory extension and time-share control is always included,
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even if memory size is 4K.
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SET CPU EAE enable EAE
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SET CPU NOEAE disable EAE
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SET CPU 4K set memory size = 4K
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SET CPU 8K set memory size = 8K
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SET CPU 12K set memory size = 12K
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SET CPU 16K set memory size = 16K
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SET CPU 20K set memory size = 20K
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SET CPU 24K set memory size = 24K
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SET CPU 28K set memory size = 28K
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SET CPU 32K set memory size = 32K
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If memory size is being reduced, and the memory being truncated contains
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non-zero data, the simulator asks for confirmation. Data in the truncated
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portion of memory is lost. Initial memory size is 32K.
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CPU registers include the visible state of the processor as well as the
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control registers for the interrupt system.
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name size comments
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PC 15 program counter, including IF as high 3 bits
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AC 12 accumulator
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MQ 12 multiplier-quotient
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L 1 link
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SR 12 front panel switches
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IF 3 instruction field
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DF 3 data field
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IB 3 instruction field buffer
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SF 7 save field
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UF 1 user mode flag
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UB 1 user mode buffer
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SC 5 EAE shift counter
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GTF 1 EAE greater than flag
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EMODE 1 EAE mode (0 = A, 1 = B)
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ION 1 interrupt enable
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ION_DELAY 1 interrupt enable delay for ION
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CIF_DELAY 1 interrupt enable delay for CIF
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PWR_INT 1 power fail interrupt
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UF_INT 1 user mode violation interrupt
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INT 15 interrupt pending flags
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DONE 15 device done flags
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ENABLE 15 device interrupt enable flags
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PCQ[0:63] 15 PC prior to last JMP, JMS, or interrupt;
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most recent PC change first
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STOP_INST 1 stop on undefined instruction
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WRU 8 interrupt character
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2.2 Programmed I/O Devices
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2.2.1 PC8E Paper Tape Reader (PTR)
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The paper tape reader (PTR) reads data from a disk file. The POS
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register specifies the number of the next data item to be read. Thus,
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by changing POS, the user can backspace or advance the reader.
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The paper tape reader supports the BOOT command. BOOT PTR copies the
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RIM loader into memory and starts it running.
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The paper tape reader implements these registers:
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name size comments
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BUF 8 last data item processed
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DONE 1 device done flag
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ENABLE 1 interrupt enable flag
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INT 1 interrupt pending flag
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POS 32 position in the input file
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TIME 24 time from I/O initiation to interrupt
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STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
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Error handling is as follows:
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error STOP_IOE processed as
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not attached 1 report error and stop
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0 out of tape
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end of file 1 report error and stop
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0 out of tape
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OS I/O error x report error and stop
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2.2.2 PC8E Paper Tape Punch (PTP)
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The paper tape punch (PTP) writes data to a disk file. The POS register
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specifies the number of the next data item to bewritten. Thus, by
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changing POS, the user can backspace or advance the punch.
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The paper tape punch implements these registers:
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name size comments
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BUF 8 last data item processed
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DONE 1 device done flag
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ENABLE 1 interrupt enable flag
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INT 1 interrupt pending flag
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POS 32 position in the output file
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TIME 24 time from I/O initiation to interrupt
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STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
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Error handling is as follows:
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error STOP_IOE processed as
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not attached 1 report error and stop
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0 out of tape
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OS I/O error x report error and stop
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2.2.3 KL8E Terminal Input (TTI)
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The terminal interfaces (TTI, TTO) can be set to one of three modes:
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KSR, 7B, or 8B. In KSR mode, lower case input and output characters
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are automatically converted to upper case, and the high order bit is
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forced to one on input. In 7B mode, input and output characters are
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masked to 7 bits. In 8B mode, characters are not modified. Changing
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the mode of either interface changes both. The default mode is KSR.
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The terminal input (TTI) polls the console keyboard for input. It
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implements these registers:
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name size comments
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BUF 8 last data item processed
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DONE 1 device done flag
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ENABLE 1 interrupt enable flag
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INT 1 interrupt pending flag
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POS 32 number of characters input
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TIME 24 keyboard polling interval
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2.2.4 KL8E Terminal Output (TTO)
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The terminal output (TTO) writes to the simulator console window. It
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implements these registers:
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name size comments
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BUF 8 last data item processed
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DONE 1 device done flag
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ENABLE 1 interrupt enable flag
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INT 1 interrupt pending flag
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POS 32 number of characters output
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TIME 24 time from I/O initiation to interrupt
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2.2.5 LE8E Line Printer (LPT)
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The line printer (LPT) writes data to a disk file. The POS register
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specifies the number of the next data item to be read or written. Thus,
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by changing POS, the user can backspace or advance the printer.
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The line printer implements these registers:
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name size comments
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BUF 8 last data item processed
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ERR 1 error status flag
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DONE 1 device done flag
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ENABLE 1 interrupt enable flag
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INT 1 interrupt pending flag
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POS 32 position in the output file
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TIME 24 time from I/O initiation to interrupt
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Error handling is as follows:
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error STOP_IOE processed as
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not attached 1 report error and stop
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0 set error flag
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OS I/O error x report error and stop
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2.2.6 DK8E Line-Frequency Clock (CLK)
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The real-time clock (CLK) implements these registers:
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name size comments
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DONE 1 device done flag
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ENABLE 1 interrupt enable flag
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INT 1 interrupt pending flag
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TIME 24 clock interval
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TPS 8 ticks per second (60 or 50)
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The real-time clock autocalibrates; the clock interval is adjusted up or
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down so that the clock tracks actual elapsed time.
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2.2.7 KL8JA Additional Terminals (TTIX, TTOX)
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The additional terminals consist of two independent devices, TTIX and
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TTOX. The entire set is modelled as a terminal multiplexor, with TTIX
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as the master unit. The additional terminals perform input and output
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through Telnet sessions connected to a user-specified port. The ATTACH
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command specifies the port to be used:
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ATTACH TTIX <port> set up listening port
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where port is a decimal number between 1 and 65535 that is not being used
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for other TCP/IP activities.
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The additional terminals can be set to one of three modes: UC, 7B, or
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8B. In KSR mode, lower case input and output characters are converted
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automatically to upper case. In 7B mode, input and output characters
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are masked to 7 bits. In 8B mode, characters are not modified. The
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default mode is UC.
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Once TTIX is attached and the simulator is running, the terminals listen
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for connections on the specified port. They assume that the incoming
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connections are Telnet connections. The connections remain open until
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disconnected either by the Telnet client, a SET TTIX DISCONNECT command,
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or a DETACH TTIX command.
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The SHOW TTIX CONNECTIONS command displays the current connections to the
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extra terminals. The SHOW TTIX STATISTICS command displays statistics for
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active connections. The SET TTIX DISCONNECT=linenumber disconnects the
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specified line.
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The input device (TTIX) implements these registers:
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name size comments
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BUF[0:3] 8 input buffer, lines 0-3
|
|
DONE 4 device done flags (line 0 rightmost)
|
|
ENABLE 4 interrupt enable flag
|
|
INT 4 interrupt pending flag
|
|
TIME 24 initial polling interval
|
|
TPS 10 polls per second after calibration
|
|
|
|
The output device (TTOX) implements these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
BUF[0:3] 8 last data item processed, lines 0-3
|
|
DONE 4 device done flag (line 0 rightmost)
|
|
ENABLE 4 interrupt enable flag
|
|
INT 4 interrupt pending flag
|
|
TIME[0:3] 24 time from I/O initiation to interrupt,
|
|
lines 0-3
|
|
|
|
The additional terminals do not support save and restore. All open
|
|
connections are lost when the simulator shuts down or TTIX is detached.
|
|
|
|
2.3 Moving Head Disks
|
|
|
|
2.3.1 RK8E Cartridge Disk (RK)
|
|
|
|
RK8E options include the ability to make units write enabled or write locked:
|
|
|
|
SET RKn LOCKED set unit n write locked
|
|
SET RKn WRITEENABLED set unit n write enabled
|
|
|
|
Units can also be set ONLINE or OFFLINE. The RK8E supports the BOOT command.
|
|
|
|
The RK8E implements these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
RKSTA 12 status
|
|
RKCMD 12 disk command
|
|
RKDA 12 disk address
|
|
RKMA 12 current memory address
|
|
BUSY 1 control busy flag
|
|
INT 1 interrupt pending flag
|
|
STIME 24 seek time, per cylinder
|
|
RTIME 24 rotational delay
|
|
STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
|
|
|
|
Error handling is as follows:
|
|
|
|
error STOP_IOE processed as
|
|
|
|
not attached 1 report error and stop
|
|
0 disk not ready
|
|
|
|
end of file x assume rest of disk is zero
|
|
|
|
OS I/O error x report error and stop
|
|
|
|
2.3.2 RL8A Cartridge Disk (RL)
|
|
|
|
RL8A options include the ability to make units write enabled or write locked:
|
|
|
|
SET RLn LOCKED set unit n write locked
|
|
SET RLn WRITEENABLED set unit n write enabled
|
|
|
|
Units can also be set ONLINE or OFFILE. The RL8A supports the BOOT command.
|
|
|
|
The RL8A implements these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
RLCSA 12 control/status A
|
|
RLCSB 12 control/status B
|
|
RLMA 12 memory address
|
|
RLWC 12 word count
|
|
RLSA 6 sector address
|
|
RLER 12 error flags
|
|
RLSI 16 silo top word
|
|
RLSI1 16 silo second word
|
|
RLSI2 16 silo third word
|
|
RLSIL 1 silo read left/right flag
|
|
INT 1 interrupt request
|
|
DONE 1 done flag
|
|
ERR 1 composite error flag
|
|
STIME 1 seek time, per cylinder
|
|
RTIME 1 rotational delay
|
|
STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
|
|
|
|
Error handling is as follows:
|
|
|
|
error STOP_IOE processed as
|
|
|
|
not attached 1 report error and stop
|
|
0 disk not ready
|
|
|
|
end of file x assume rest of disk is zero
|
|
|
|
OS I/O error x report error and stop
|
|
|
|
2.4 RX8E/RX01, RX28/RX02 Floppy Disk (RX)
|
|
|
|
The RX can be configured as an RX8E with two RX01 drives, or an RX28 with
|
|
two RX02 drives:
|
|
|
|
SET RX RX8E set controller to RX8E/RX01
|
|
SET RX RX28 set controller to RX28/RX02
|
|
|
|
The controller is set to the RX8E by default. The RX28 is not backwards-
|
|
compatible with the RX8E and will not work with the standard OS/8 V3D floppy
|
|
disk driver.
|
|
|
|
RX8E options include the ability to set units write enabled or write locked:
|
|
|
|
SET RXn LOCKED set unit n write locked
|
|
SET RXn WRITEENABLED set unit n write enabled
|
|
|
|
RX28 options include, in addition, the ability to set the unit density to
|
|
single density, double density, or autosized; autosizing is the default:
|
|
|
|
SET RXn SINGLE set unit n single density
|
|
SET RXn DOUBLE set unit n double density
|
|
SET RXn AUTOSIZE set unit n autosize
|
|
|
|
The RX8E and RX28 support the BOOT command.
|
|
|
|
The RX8E and RX28 implement these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
RXCS 12 status
|
|
RXDB 12 data buffer
|
|
RXES 12 error status
|
|
RXTA 8 current track
|
|
RXSA 8 current sector
|
|
STAPTR 4 controller state
|
|
BUFPTR 8 buffer pointer
|
|
INT 1 interrupt pending flag
|
|
DONE 1 device done flag
|
|
ENABLE 1 interrupt enable flag
|
|
TR 1 transfer ready flag
|
|
ERR 1 error flag
|
|
CTIME 24 command completion time
|
|
STIME 24 seek time, per track
|
|
XTIME 24 transfer ready delay
|
|
STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
|
|
SBUF[0:255] 8 sector buffer array
|
|
|
|
Error handling is as follows:
|
|
|
|
error STOP_IOE processed as
|
|
|
|
not attached 1 report error and stop
|
|
0 disk not ready
|
|
|
|
RX01 and RX02 data files are buffered in memory; therefore, end of file
|
|
and OS I/O errors cannot occur.
|
|
|
|
2.5 Fixed Head Disks
|
|
|
|
Either the RF08 or the DF32 can be present in a configuration, but
|
|
not both, with default device addressing.
|
|
|
|
2.5.1 RF08/RS08 Fixed Head Disk (RF)
|
|
|
|
RF08 options include the ability to set the number of platters to a
|
|
fixed value between 1 and 4, or to autosize the number of platters
|
|
from the attached file:
|
|
|
|
SET RF 1P one platter (256K)
|
|
SET RF 2P two platters (512K)
|
|
SET RF 3P three platters (768K)
|
|
SET RF 4P four platters (1024K)
|
|
SET RF AUTOSIZE autosized on attach
|
|
|
|
The default is four platters.
|
|
|
|
The RF08 implements these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
STA 12 status
|
|
DA 20 current disk address
|
|
MA 12 memory address (in memory)
|
|
WC 12 word count (in memory)
|
|
WLK 32 write lock switches
|
|
INT 1 interrupt pending flag
|
|
DONE 1 device done flag
|
|
TIME 24 rotational delay, per word
|
|
BURST 1 burst flag
|
|
STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
|
|
|
|
The RF08 supports the BOOT command. The default bootstrap is for OS/8. To
|
|
bootstrap the 4K Disk Monitor, use the BOOT -D RF command.
|
|
|
|
The RF08 is a three-cycle data break device. If BURST = 0, word transfers
|
|
are scheduled individually; if BURST = 1, the entire transfer occurs in
|
|
a single data break.
|
|
|
|
Error handling is as follows:
|
|
|
|
error STOP_IOE processed as
|
|
|
|
not attached 1 report error and stop
|
|
0 disk not ready
|
|
|
|
RF08 data files are buffered in memory; therefore, end of file and OS
|
|
I/O errors cannot occur.
|
|
|
|
2.5.2 DF32/DS32 Fixed Head Disk (RF)
|
|
|
|
DF32 options include the ability to set the number of platters to a
|
|
fixed value between 1 and 4, or to autosize the number of platters
|
|
from the attached file:
|
|
|
|
SET DF 1P one platter (32K)
|
|
SET DF 2P two platters (64K)
|
|
SET DF 3P three platters (98K)
|
|
SET DF 4P four platters (128K)
|
|
SET DF AUTOSIZE autosized on attach
|
|
|
|
The default is four platters.
|
|
|
|
The DF32 implements these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
STA 12 status, disk and memory address extension
|
|
DA 12 low order disk address
|
|
MA 12 memory address (in memory)
|
|
WC 12 word count (in memory)
|
|
WLK 16 write lock switches
|
|
INT 1 interrupt pending flag
|
|
DONE 1 device done flag
|
|
TIME 24 rotational delay, per word
|
|
BURST 1 burst flag
|
|
STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
|
|
|
|
The DF32 supports the BOOT command. The default bootstrap is for OS/8. To
|
|
bootstrap the 4K Disk Monitor, use the BOOT -D DF command.
|
|
|
|
The DF32 is a three-cycle data break device. If BURST = 0, word transfers
|
|
are scheduled individually; if BURST = 1, the entire transfer occurs in
|
|
a single data break.
|
|
|
|
Error handling is as follows:
|
|
|
|
error STOP_IOE processed as
|
|
|
|
not attached 1 report error and stop
|
|
0 disk not ready
|
|
|
|
DF32 data files are buffered in memory; therefore, end of file and OS
|
|
I/O errors cannot occur.
|
|
|
|
2.6 TC08/TU56 DECtape (DT)
|
|
|
|
DECtapes drives are numbered 1-8; in the simulator, drive 8 is unit 0.
|
|
DECtape options include the ability to make units write enabled or write
|
|
locked.
|
|
|
|
SET DTn LOCKED set unit n write locked
|
|
SET DTn WRITEENABLED set unit n write enabled
|
|
|
|
Units can also be set ONLINE or OFFLINE. The TC08 supports the BOOT command.
|
|
|
|
The TC08 supports supports PDP-8 format, PDP-11 format, and 18b format
|
|
DECtape images. ATTACH tries to determine the tape format from the DECtape
|
|
image; the user can force a particular format with switches:
|
|
|
|
-r PDP-8 format
|
|
-s PDP-11 format
|
|
-t 18b format
|
|
|
|
The DECtape controller is a data-only simulator; the timing and mark
|
|
track, and block header and trailer, are not stored. Thus, the WRITE
|
|
TIMING AND MARK TRACK function is not supported; the READ ALL function
|
|
always returns the hardware standard block header and trailer; and the
|
|
WRITE ALL function dumps non-data words into the bit bucket.
|
|
|
|
The DECtape controller implements these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
DTSA 12 status register A
|
|
DTSB 12 status register B
|
|
INT 1 interrupt pending flag
|
|
ENB 1 interrupt enable flag
|
|
DTF 1 DECtape flag
|
|
ERF 1 error flag
|
|
CA 12 current address (memory location 7754)
|
|
WC 12 word count (memory location 7755)
|
|
LTIME 31 time between lines
|
|
ACTIME 31 time to accelerate to full speed
|
|
DCTIME 31 time to decelerate to a full stop
|
|
SUBSTATE 2 read/write command substate
|
|
POS[0:7] 32 position, in lines, units 0-7
|
|
STATT[0:7] 31 unit state, units 0-7
|
|
|
|
It is critically important to maintain certain timing relationships
|
|
among the DECtape parameters, or the DECtape simulator will fail to
|
|
operate correctly.
|
|
|
|
- LTIME must be at least 6
|
|
- ACTIME must be less than DCTIME, and both need to be at
|
|
least 100 times LTIME
|
|
|
|
2.7 TM8E Magnetic Tape (MT)
|
|
|
|
Magnetic tape options include the ability to make units write enabled or
|
|
or write locked.
|
|
|
|
SET MTn LOCKED set unit n write locked
|
|
SET MTn WRITEENABLED set unit n write enabled
|
|
|
|
Units can also be set ONLINE or OFFLINE.
|
|
|
|
The magnetic tape controller implements these registers:
|
|
|
|
name size comments
|
|
|
|
CMD 12 command
|
|
FNC 12 function
|
|
CA 12 memory address
|
|
WC 12 word count
|
|
DB 12 data buffer
|
|
STA 12 main status
|
|
STA2 6 secondary status
|
|
DONE 1 device done flag
|
|
INT 1 interrupt pending flag
|
|
STOP_IOE 1 stop on I/O error
|
|
TIME 24 record delay
|
|
UST[0:7] 24 unit status, units 0-7
|
|
POS[0:7] 32 position, units 0-7
|
|
|
|
Error handling is as follows:
|
|
|
|
error processed as
|
|
|
|
not attached tape not ready; if STOP_IOE, stop
|
|
|
|
end of file bad tape
|
|
|
|
OS I/O error parity error; if STOP_IOE, stop
|
|
|
|
2.8 Symbolic Display and Input
|
|
|
|
The PDP-8 simulator implements symbolic display and input. Display is
|
|
controlled by command line switches:
|
|
|
|
-a display as ASCII character
|
|
-c display as (sixbit) character string
|
|
-t display as (TSS/8 sixbit) character string
|
|
-m display instruction mnemonics
|
|
|
|
Input parsing is controlled by the first character typed in or by command
|
|
line switches:
|
|
|
|
' or -a ASCII character
|
|
" or -c two character sixbit string
|
|
# or -t two character TSS/8 sixbit string
|
|
alphabetic instruction mnemonic
|
|
numeric octal number
|
|
|
|
Instruction input uses standard PDP-8 assembler syntax. There are four
|
|
instruction classes: memory reference, IOT, field change, and operate.
|
|
|
|
Memory reference instructions have the format
|
|
|
|
memref {I} {C/Z} address
|
|
|
|
where I signifies indirect, C a current page reference, and Z a zero page
|
|
reference. The address is an octal number in the range 0 - 07777; if C or
|
|
Z is specified, the address is a page offset in the range 0 - 177. Normally,
|
|
C is not needed; the simulator figures out from the address what mode to use.
|
|
However, when referencing memory outside the CPU (eg, disks), there is no
|
|
valid PC, and C must be used to specify current page addressing.
|
|
|
|
IOT instructions consist of single mnemonics, eg, KRB, TLS. IOT instructions
|
|
may be or'd together
|
|
|
|
iot iot iot...
|
|
|
|
The simulator does not check the legality of the proposed combination. IOT's
|
|
for which there is no opcode may be specified as IOT n, where n is an octal
|
|
number in the range 0 - 0777.
|
|
|
|
Field change instructions (CIF, CDF) have the format
|
|
|
|
fldchg field
|
|
|
|
where field is an octal number in the range 0 - 7. Field change instructions
|
|
may be or'd together.
|
|
|
|
Operate instructions have the format
|
|
|
|
opr opr opr...
|
|
|
|
The simulator does not check the legality of the proposed combination. EAE
|
|
mode A and B mnemonics may be specified regardless of the EAE mode. The
|
|
operands for MUY and DVI must be deposited explicitly.
|